Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis (polio) is a viral infection that may be transmitted by coming into direct contact with the secretions of infected persons or through contaminated beverages or foods. The disease may vary from mild subclinical illness to paralysis and possibly death. Travelers to countries where polio occurs are considered to be at increased risk and should be vaccinated. There are currently two types of polio vaccine for use in the United States, a live oral vaccine and an inactivated injectable vaccine. The most appropriate type of vaccine varies according to individual circumstances. Adult travelers at risk of exposure should receive a polio vaccine booster dose to extend the protection provided by their earlier childhood vaccinations against polio. If you wish to receive vaccination against polio, please call us for a clinic appointment.